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1- WASH THE WOUND WITH WARM WTAER TO REMOVE ANY DEBRIS OR DUST 2- PUT ANTISEPTIC ON THE WOUND AND THOROUGHLY CLEAN IT  3- IF YOU CAN PUT ANTI BIOTIC POWDER OR CAPSULE IN THE WOUND 4- SUTURE MIGHT BE NEEDED IF THE WOUND IS LARGE OR PUNCTURING WIDE AREA  5- THE ANIMAL MUST BE GIVEN ANTI BIOTIC INJECTION  AND ANTI TETANIC SERUM  6- COVER THE WOUND WITH ACOTTON AND APIECE OF GAUZE 7- PUT THE ANIMAL IN  A CLEAN AND WELL VENTILATED PLAE 8- AVOID WORK TO ANIMAL OR STRESS 9- DAILY CHANGING THE COVERING GAUZE AND COTTON  WITH COVERING THE WOUND WITH DISINFECTANT AOR ANDTIBIOTIC 

Pigeon Fever  During the past few months we have seen a large number of horses in our practice area with “Pigeon Fever”.  It is a disease caused by specific bacteria called Corynebacterium Pseudotuberculosis . It has absolutely nothing to do with pigeons other than the fact that the affected horses often look like they have a “pigeon breast” due to the swelling and abscess (boil) formation in the chest area. It is believed that the bacteria are transmitted by biting flies or possibly migration of parasites. The most common places for the abscesses to form are in the chest and belly region, the sheath of males and the udder of mares, although the abscesses can appear almost anywhere. These infections are often noticed just as generalized swelling of the chest or belly which is called “edema” (fluid retention under the skin). As the abscess progresses, a more discrete smaller swelling will often appear within the generalized swelling which is the actual abscess coming to a head

Dental care  Dental disease is quite common in cats, especially as they get older. You should get your cat’s teeth regularly checked by your vet. Many cats do not show obvious discomfort, although signs of dental disease may include:  • reduced appetite  • halitosis (bad breath)  • dropping food or difficulty in eating  • blood-tinged saliva or drooling  • unusual face rubbing or pawing at the mouth  • behavioural changes, such as becoming quieter or more aggressive  • reduced grooming  • sneezing, nasal discharge or facial swelling Dental disease can be painful and seriously affect your cat’s health and welfare. Bacteria can enter the cat’s bloodstream and affect its heart and kidneys. Consult your vet   Teeth and oral health.  Insurance Pet insurance can cover veterinary costs for illness, accidents and emergencies. There are plenty of options available. Some policies won’t insure older pets over a certain age, so check the small print. Remember that preventative treat

Grooming marvellous :  Cats are very clean animals and like to groom themselves, but sometimes they may need a little help. Long-haired cats should be brushed daily to stop their coat becoming tangled. If they are not regularly groomed fur can become matted and uncomfortable. These mats may need to be removed under anaesthetic by a vet. Short-haired cats will probably only need to be groomed once a week. Older cats may struggle to look after their coats and require gentle grooming to help to keep their skin healthy. Grooming also gives you some valuable bonding time with your cat. If you are struggling to groom your cat, ask your vet for advice as referral to a suitably qualified behaviourist or a competent groomer may be useful to avoid the development of problems.  Indoor or outdoor?:  Indoor cats need extra consideration to keep them mentally stimulated. For cats given access outside, consider providing a microchip or magnetic cat flap to allow them the freedom to choose whe

  Cats can be independent and are considered the ideal pet for people with busy lifestyles, but they still need to be looked after. You should be prepared to spend time playing with and grooming your cat, as well as being a companion to them. By following the advice in this leaflet, you can do your best to ensure you have a happy and healthy cat.  Food:  Cats should be fed a complete, balanced, good quality meatbased food; they cannot be vegetarians. There are a multitude of different brands of cat food on the market, but there are two main types to choose from; wet and dry. Fresh wet food should be replaced at least twice daily and dry food at least once daily. Do follow the manufacturer’s instructions and recommended amounts. Once neutered, cats typically have reduced energy needs, so consider reducing their daily amount accordingly. Food should be placed in an area where the cat feels safe and away from their water bowl and litter tray. If your cat eats dry food, using f

Impaction in dairy animals refers to the failure of digestion, slow passage and accumulation of feed in one or more of the stomach compartments leading to constipation or absence of dung .  In last few years this condition has emerged as one of the most common digestive disorder in dairy animals of Punjab. It is more common in pregnant or young cattle of less than 8 yr of age.  Impaction is of two types .  Primary impaction – it refers of accumulation of poor quality roughages in any of the forestomach compartments. It is relatively rare condition and involves nearly all animals of the herd. For example feeding of hybrid napier bajra was associated with one of outbreak of impaction in dairy animals in Punjab. Sometimes ingestion of inanimate or indigestible substance like ropes a polyethene is associated with such impaction in sporadic cases in herd.  Secondary impaction – any inflammation of gut or associated organ which decease gut motility lead to secondary impaction. In a

Veterunary medicine is the neducine if the non talking being Mefucine to relief from all animal and treat them It is the medicine if mercy to abimals We should imprive quality of vet techniques used in serving animals To increase this industry

INTERNAL PARASITES:  The most common internal intestinal parasites are tapeworms and roundworms.  TAPEWORMS:  Tapeworms are long, segmented worms. They are transmitted when a dog ingests a larval stage of the worm found in a flea or the raw meat of small mammals. A dog that hunts on its own or has had fleas will likely develop tapeworms. Individual tapeworm segments are easily seen in freshly passed feaces or around the anus of an infected dog. Special dewormers are required for treatment.  ROUNDWORMS:  The roundworm classification encompasses many worm types, including Ascarids, hookworms, whipworms, and heartworms. The intestinal worms are transmitted by the ingestion of faces or faces-contaminated soil that contains worm eggs. The transmission of the heart worm, however requires an intermediate host such as a mosquito for propagation. Your veterinarian will perform a specialized microscopic examination of feaces (for intestinal worms) or blood (for heartworms) to deter

Common Dog Diseases and Health Problems  Whether your dog is a working companion, champion show animal, hunting partner, or just a best friend, the kindest and most responsible thing you can do for him is to provide proper health care. Knowing about common dog diseases and being aware of appropriate prevention and treatment can better help you provide that care. Many Diseases Can Be Prevented Some of the most common and serious dog diseases have been made less common through vaccines: however, these diseases continue to threaten a dog that lacks proper immunization. Puppies many be vaccinated as early as 4-6 weeks depending on each situation and the veterinarian’s advice. Through mother’s milk, puppies receive diseasefighting antibodies, which last 6-16 weeks. Vaccinations then take over. Yearly boosters should be given throughout your dog’s life, including old age when your dog may become more susceptible to some diseases. The following diseases can be prevented through vac

Cat Diseases :                         Vaccinations protect cats from some of the most serious cat diseases. Prevention through vaccination is essential since these diseases are difficult, if not impossible, to treat. Vaccinations are the best insurance you can buy for your cat. All cats should be vaccinated; even indoor cats that never go outdoors. Some diseases are caused by viruses that are airborne or that could be carried indoors on your shoes or clothing, so that an indoor cat without immunity could easily be infected. Kittens receive some disease-fighting antibodies from their mother’s milk, but these antibodies do not last past 6 to 8 weeks of age. Kittens should start receiving vaccinations at 6 to 8 weeks. Once a kitten is immunized, vaccinations should be boosted yearly or according to the veterinarian’s recommendations. No vaccination confers lifetime immunity. The following diseases are preventable through vaccination  Distemper.  Feline panleukopenia is the name

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What is Newcastle disease and what causes it? definition   Newcastle disease is a contagious viral disease of birds and considered one of the most important poultry diseases worldwide. The disease can vary from mild to severe. A highly contagious and severe form of the disease, called exotic Newcastle disease (END), is so deadly that many birds die suddenly without showing any signs of disease.  What animals get Newcastle disease?  susceptability  Both domestic and wild birds can be affected by Newcastle disease. Chickens are very susceptible to the disease. Turkeys, ducks, geese, as well as parrots, pigeons and wild cormorants can also get END. How can my animal get Newcastle disease? Newcastle disease is spread by direct contact with the droppings or respiratory discharges of infected birds. The virus can live for a long time in the environment and can be spread by objects (fomites), such as shoes, clothing, and equipment, that have become contaminated by infected birds. Out

DEFINITION :  disease caused by blood parasite which is transmitted by tickes characterized by fever persistent, corneal opacity, enlargement of the lynph nodes,cough, off food  signs:  high fever persistent  enlargement of the lynph nodes corneal opacity may lead to blindness cough  emaciation diagnosis: from signs  blood film  treatment : *** butalex 1 ml / 25 kg  or selcure  2 doses in between 48 hrs  *** anti pyretiscs analgin , pyrogesic, declophen, flunixin *** wide spectrum antibiotic  druxen  floricol nixflor  tonics to the animal  arsenal , multivitamin, antoplex  >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>..

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definition : contagious disease affect cattle caused by fmd virus characterized by appearence of vesicles and nodules in mouth and foot of cattle and the udder of cow and buffaloes  affect : cow, buffaloes, sheep, goat, bulls, and all clovened foot animals  signs : high temperature resist for 5-9 days  off food  smacking movement of the lips  salivations  ulcers in the tongue and lips  lamness due to vesicles in the foot  milk drop and vesicles and ulcers appear in the mammary gland  treatment :   give animal easily digesable foods  green fodders  apply gentiana on the mouth and foot of  the affected animals  give anti inflamatory to the animals " pyrogesic , analgin, flunixin, ....." give antibiotic " pen strept, coli prime, coli trime, norodine,......" for 3 successive days  saling to the animals if off food  tonics " ad3 , antoplex, maxivet,......."  prevention : vaccination by polyvalent live attenuated vaccine  isolation o